A framework for planning of sustainable water and sanitation systems in peri-urban areas

R. To¨ rnqvist, A. Norstro¨ m, E. Ka¨ rrman and P.-A. Malmqvist

ABSTRACT：There are billions of people around the world that lack access to safe water supply and basic sanitation, a situation which puts the affected in severe health conditions as well as economical and social despair. Many of those lacking adequate water supply and sanitation systems can be found at the fringe of the cities in so called peri-urban areas, especially in the developing world. Planning in these areas is highly complex due to challenging environmental and physical conditions, high population density and unclear institutional boundaries. This article presents a framework aiming to support the planning process for sustainable water and sanitation systems in peri-urban areas. The suggested framework is based on different available planning approaches from a review of literature and websites of organisations and companies. It consists of a recommendation of important steps in the planning process as well as supporting tools. Further, it incorporates a set of sustainability criteria important for the peri-urban context and allows for the development of site specific systems. The framework has the aim to be flexible for different planning situations, and for suiting planners with different perspectives and amount of resources.

Key words：peri-urban areas, planning support, sanitation, sustainability, water supply

《水科学和技术》刊登“准城市化地区的可持续水资源规划和卫生设施规划框架”

作者：R. To¨ rnqvist, A. Norstro¨ m, E. Ka¨ rrman and P.-A. Malmqvist

刊登日期：2008年

编目：58.3

页码：563-570

关键词：准城市化地区，规划支撑，环境卫生，持续性，供水系统

摘要：在世界上有数以亿计的人们缺乏安全饮用水和基本卫生设施供应，他们正处在恶劣的卫生条件和绝望的经济社会条件中。这些缺乏足够饮用水和卫生设施的人们大多分布在被称作准城市地区的边缘地区，在发展中国家尤为明显。在这些地区进行水资源和卫生设施规划十分复杂，因为其人口密度大，行政边界不明确，环境和物质条件较差。本文建立了一种框架，用以支持准城市化地区建立持续的水资源和卫生系统。此框架基于相关研究成果、一些科研机构或公司网站上的规划方法建立起来，它既包含对一些规划过程中重要步骤的建议，又包括一些可行的实施办法。此外，它还吸收了一系列对准城市化地区较重要的可持续发展原则。这一框架可灵活调节并适用于不同的规划情况以及不同规划者。