《地下水》刊登“华北平原地下水可持续开采的理论和实践”

作者：Junqi Huang, John A. Christ, Mark N. Goltz

刊物:Ground Water, 2008年8月26号,46卷第6期，897-909

关键词：可持续性；地下水；华北平原；模拟

中文摘要：本文对地下水超采严重，水量迅速消减的华北平原部分地下水流动系统进行了分析。建立了短期地下水流动模型，并用1950年以来的数据进行校验，从而可以对地下水流动系统的水位变化进行量化。此模型随后与优化方法相结合，用于确定可以改进地下水管理的优化抽水方案。最终确定出了两种备选方案：城市化方案和南水北调工程。本文分别评估了两种方案对本研究区地下水资源可能产生的影响。虽然本研究主要考虑了华北平原地区，但其建立的模型框架对于分析与类似本区水文地质和经济状况的地区的地下水可持续性仍然适用。本数值模拟可以对水均衡的各个部分进行量化，并且评价不同管理方案下对地下水系统产生的影响。本优化模型可以确定满足一系列规定的限制条件下，地下水的可持续开采量。同时也可以确定与地下水开发和管理相关的最低经济成本。此外，由于华北平原是世界上经济发展迅速，水资源极度缺乏的地区之一，本文中研究所得的结论和建议具有普遍的和国际的重大意义。

Ground Water Sustainability: Methodology and Application to the North China Plain

Authors:Jie Liu, Chunmiao Zheng, Li Zheng, Yuping Lei

Journal:Ground Water，26 AUG 2008，Volume:46；Issues: 6，897-909

Key Words:Sustainability；Ground Water；North China Plain；modeling

Abstract：This article analyzes part of a ground water flow system in the North China Plain (NCP) subject to severeoverexploitation and rapid depletion. A transient ground water flow model was constructed and calibrated toquantify the changes in the flow system since the predevelopment 1950s. The flow model was then used in conjunctionwith an optimization code to determine optimal pumping schemes that improve ground water managementpractices. Finally, two management scenarios, namely, urbanization and the South-to-North Water TransferProject, were evaluated for their potential impacts on the ground water resources in the study area. Although thisstudy focuses on the NCP, it illustrates a general modeling framework for analyzing the sustainability, or the lackthereof, of ground water flow systems driven by similar hydrogeologic and economic conditions. The numericalsimulation is capable of quantifying the various components of the overall flow budget and evaluating the impactsof different management scenarios. The optimization modeling allows the determination of the maximum ‘‘sustainablepumping’’ that satisfies aseries of prescribed constraints. It can also be used to minimize the economiccosts associated with ground water development and management. Furthermore, since the NCP is one of the mostwater scarce and economically active regions in the world, the conclusions and insights from this study are of generalinterest and internationalsignificance.

原文链接：http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi:10.1111/j.1745-6584.2008.00486.x/full