《wetland》杂志刊登“沼泽龟湿地中水位深度、表层饱和度以及干旱的回应”

作者：Jeffrey B.Feaga1, Carola A. Haas and James A.Burger

刊物：《wetland》2012年8月13日

关键词：沼泽；栖息地利用；水文周期；地下水；监测井；弗吉尼亚

摘要：众所周知，沼泽龟通常选择近水的有深泥的湿地区域，但是对其栖息地的地下水位的动态研究较少。本研究选择了沼泽龟喜欢栖息的六个湿地和没有沼泽龟的六个湿地，对湿地中的浅层地下水井持续监测了28个月评估水文变化。总体而言地下水位较高，12个湿地的地下水位月平均深度在土壤表层下1cm到35cm之间。相比沼泽龟较少的湿地而言，沼泽龟经常出没的湿地有更高的平均地下水位和表层饱和度，这种现象在夏季尤其显著。2008年西南弗吉尼亚州干旱期的平均水位（17cm）和饱和度（25%）的差异最大。正常降雨恢复后，这种差别依然存在，这说明了地下水补给对沼泽龟生存的湿地的重要性。由于沼泽龟主要利用土壤上部15cm的土层，即便当饱和土壤有限时，沼泽龟仍会选择饱和土壤层位置，所以地下水位水文情形的较小变化仍具有影响沼泽龟生物特性和湿地使用情况的潜在性。

Water Table Depth, Surface Saturation, and Drought Response in Bog Turtle (Glyptemys muhlenbergii) Wetlands

Author: Jeffrey B.Feaga1, Carola A. Haas and James A.Burger

Key words:  Fen;  Habitat use;  Hydroperiod;  Groundwater; Monitoring well;  Virginia

Abstract: The bog turtle (Glyptemys muhlenbergii) is known to select wetland areas that are near water with deep mud, but water table dynamics in their habitats have not been well described. We installed and monitored shallow groundwater wells to evaluate hydrology over a continuous 28-month period on six wetlands known to be frequently used by bog turtles and six similar wetlands not known to be used. Overall, water tables remained high, with mean monthly depth to the water table for all 12 wetlands varying between −1 cm and −35 cm below the soil surface. Wetlands frequently used by bog turtles had higher mean water tables and surface saturation than wetlands not known to be used, particularly during summer months. Differences in mean water table (17 cm) and saturation (25 %) were greatest during southwestern Virginia’s 2008 drought. A differential remained after the resumption of normal rainfall, demonstrating the importance of groundwater recharge to bog turtle wetlands. Relatively small differences in water table hydrology have the potential to affect bog turtle biology and wetland use because bog turtles primarily use the top 15 cm of the soil and select saturated locations even when the availability of saturated soil is limited.

原文链接：http://www.springerlink.com/content/p25u256g2x210235/