《Journal of Hydraulic Engineering》杂志刊登“二维溃坝流的试验和数值研究”

作 者：Lindsey Ann Larocque, Jasim Imran, M. Hanif Chaudhry
刊 物：《Journal of Hydraulic Engineering》，2012年11月13号
摘 要：本文介绍了根据理想化的溃坝试验以及试验的数值模拟结果所绘制的流速分布的测量方法。 在实验室内布置上游均有水闸的三个不同水头，下游为干燥河床的水槽，通过突然打开水槽内的水闸而产生溃坝流。并利用超声多普勒速度廓线仪（UVP）记录移去闸门后上下游8个不同位置的瞬时流速分布。这些实验提供了时间相对较短的非稳定流的流场的时空变化的数据。利用计算流体力学（CFD）求解器来进行二维的实验模拟。观测结果表明：（1）湍流模型不影响上游水库的流速分布，但对下游流速的预测具有显著的影响。（2）在特定位置速度的量级随时间变化但是流速分布的形状保持相似。（3）在水面线测量方面，倾斜河床上的理想液体溃坝流的一个解析解与用LES建模的数值模拟结果一致。（4）由水库的不同水头和同一水头不同位置得到的库岸流速分布图的无量纲化结果显示了库岸的崩溃，并表明这些剖面的剪切层厚度大约为初始水库水头的5%。（5）利用（LES）模型对湍流的大涡流的模拟结果与测量非常一致，这表明的LES模型在准确的预测溃坝流方面是一种可行的方法。

Experimental and Numerical Investigations of 2-D Dam-Break Flows

Authors: Lindsey Ann Larocque, Jasim Imran, M. Hanif Chaudhry
Journal: Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, Published: 13 November 2012
Abstract: This paper presents measurements of velocity profiles obtained from idealized dam-break experiments and results from numerical simulations of these experiments. Dam-break flows were generated in the laboratory by suddenly lifting a gate inside a flume for three different upstream heads with a dry-bed downstream condition. Ultrasonic Doppler Velocity profilers (UVP) were used for recording transient velocity profiles at eight different locations upstream and downstream of the removed gate. These experiments provided data on the spatio-temporal evolution of the flow field in an unsteady flow of relatively short duration. The 2-D experiments were simulated using a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) solver. The following observations are made: (i) turbulence modeling does not affect the velocity profile in the upstream reservoir but has significant influence on the prediction of downstream velocity; (ii) the velocity magnitude at a specific location changes with time, but the shape of the velocity profiles remain similar; (iii) an analytical solution for frictionless dam-break flow on a sloping bed and numerical simulation with LES modeling show satisfactory agreement with measured water surface profile; (iv) non-dimensionalization of reservoir-side velocity profiles resulting from different reservoir heads and at different locations from a specific head show excellent collapse and reveal that the shear layer thickness of these profiles is approximately 5% of the initial reservoir head; (v) measurement and simulation with the large eddy simulation (LES) model for turbulence show satisfactory agreement, suggesting that the LES modeling is a viable approach for an accurate prediction of dam-break flows.

原文链接：
http://ascelibrary.org/doi/abs/10.1061/%28ASCE%29HY.1943-7900.0000705
翻译：翟洁；审阅：安鹏