《wetland》杂志刊登“越冬丹顶鹤的时间分配：栖息地的影响，年龄和家庭规模”

作者：李中秋，王志，陈歌

刊物：《wetland》，2013年1月

关键词：捕食；人类扰动；投资；丹顶鹤；时间分配；警觉

摘要：丹顶鹤是一种濒危物种，仅分布在东亚地区。由于湿地的消失和退化，许多丹顶鹤改变了它们的越冬栖息地，从自然草地迁移到诸如稻田这样的人工湿地。因此我们研究丹顶鹤对于时间的分配是否考虑栖息地、年龄以及家庭规模等因素。本研究于2009及2011年冬季在盐城自然保护区开展。研究发现鹤在自然草地中用更多的时间摄取食物，很少警觉外界，然而在农田里情况则相反。相比于幼年鹤，成年鹤花费更少的时间摄取食物，花费更多的时间警觉外界。鹤在在不同家庭规模中表现出相似的时间分配。以上结果表明丹顶鹤依据它们的觅食栖息地进行行为时间分配，这与人类扰动密切相关。我们建议越冬时期在农田里减少人类活动，并在鹤类越冬区域保护好自然湿地，以此来保护野生丹顶鹤的数量。

Time Budgets of Wintering Red-Crowned Cranes: Effects of Habitat, Age and Family Size

Authors: Zhongqiu Li, Zhi Wang, Chen Ge

Journal: Wetland, January 2013

Key words: Feeding; Human disturbance; Parental investment; Red-crowned crane; Time budgets; Vigilance

Abstract: The red-crowned crane (Grus japonensis) is an endangered species only found in East Asia. Due to wetland loss and degradation, many cranes have changed their wintering feeding habitats from natural grasslands to artificial wetlands, such as rice fields. Thus we want to know whether cranes relocate the time budgets with respect to habitat, and also with the age and family size. This study was conducted in Yancheng Nature Reserve during winters 2009 and 2011. We found cranes devoted more time to feeding but less to vigilance in grasslands, whereas the pattern was opposite in farmlands. Compared to juveniles, adults spent less time feeding but more time being vigilant. Cranes showed a similar time budget between different family sizes. These results indicate cranes relocate their behavioral time budgets according to their feeding habitats, which are closely related to human disturbance. We suggest reducing human activities in farmlands during the wintering period, as well as conserving natural wetlands in the wintering areas, to safeguard and ensure the wild population of red-crowned cranes.

原文链接：http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s13157-012-0371-z