《Agricultural Water ­Management》刊登“潮白河流域水量再分配对农村家庭的经济影响”

作者：Yuan Zhou, Yili Zhang, Karim C. Abbaspour, Hans-Joachim Mosler, Hong Yang  

刊物：《Agricultural Water ­Management》，2009年，96卷第5期，883-891页

关键词：灌溉；农村家庭收入；贫困；社会公平；水资源补偿；

摘要：本文选取密云水库上游的潮白河流域作为研究区，该区域的农业用水长期以来都被转移至下游北京，以供市政使用。本文研究了水量再分配对作物生产和农民收入的影响，并讨论了当前的补偿机制等有关问题。通过对潮白河上游河北段349个农村家庭及其农田地块的调查，结果表明，在水量从上游再分配至下游的过程中，已经导致上游农业供水量下降和灌溉面积的减少。回归分析表明，灌水量减少的农田地块，玉米产量减少21%，农产品收入减少32%。平均每公顷耕地因灌水量的减少而导致作物收入减少的净额为2422元。本文研究了区域的补偿管理和社会公平的方针政策，确定了当前的补偿标准与农民收入及生产损失之间的差距。结果表明，当前农民得到的补偿普遍低于因灌水量减少造成的损失，在未来的调水过程中，需要实施更合理的补偿机制。

Economic impacts on farm households due to water reallocation in China’s Chaobai watershed

Authors: Yuan Zhou, Yili Zhang, Karim C. Abbaspour, Hans-Joachim Mosler, Hong Yang 

Journal: Agricultural Water ­Management, Volume 96, 2009, Issue 5, pages 883-891

Key words: Irrigation; Farm household income; Poverty; Social equity; Water compensation

Abstract: Our study area in the Chaobai watershed, upstream of Miyun Reservior, has been undergoing agricultural water transfers to downstream municipal uses in Beijing. We examine the impacts of water reallocation on crop production and famers’ income and discuss issues relating to current compensation mechanisms. We use data from a survey of 349 farm households and their farm plots in the upper Chaobai watershed within Hebei province. Water reallocation from upstream to downstream areas has reduced agricultural water supply and the area irrigated. Regression results show that in plots deprived of irrigation, maize yields decrease by 21% and crop revenues decline by 32%. On average, losing irrigator on one hectare of cultivated land reduces net crop income by 2422 yuan. We examine compensation arrangements and social equity for the major policies implemented in the region and we identify gaps between current compensation levels and farmers’ income and production losses. The current compensation received by farmers is generally lower than the losses incurred due to reduced irrigation. A more appropriate compensation mechanism is called for in future water transfers.

原文链接：http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378377408003156