《Journal of Hydraulic Engineering 》杂志刊登“土石坝阶梯式溢洪道的起始点研究”

作  者：Sherry L. Hunt, Kem C. Kadavy

刊  物：《Journal of Hydraulic Engineering》，2013年1月，139卷第1期，60–64页

关键词：碾压混凝土；大坝安全；大坝；堤防；消能；曝气；掺气；溢洪道；修复；起始点

摘  要：在工程设计中，对带有阶梯式溢洪道的土石坝进行翻新改造已经很常见，特别是提升了风险等级的大坝。对于具有阶梯式溢洪道的土石坝，其水槽长度很难形成掺气水流。起始点是阶梯式溢洪道设计中的关键参数，这个参数可以用来预测消能、水流深度、掺气之间的关系。最初基于重力(θ≥26.6°)阶梯式溢洪道来研究起始点与其他量的关系式，其中主要研究具有S形波峰控制部分。然而，对于宽顶堰阶梯溢洪道来说，当弗劳德表面粗糙度(F)小于10时，利用该关系对起始点位置(θ≤26.6°)的估计偏高。因此，应对已翻新改造的宽顶堰溢洪道土石坝进行起始点关系的最优化研究。本研究通过提供额外的数据对宽顶堰溢洪道的起始点关系进一步的细化(i.e., F≤28 )，并且提供了宽顶堰溢洪道(θ≤26.6°)在F>28条件下的新关系。

Inception Point for Embankment Dam Stepped Spillways

Authors: Sherry L. Hunt, Kem C. Kadavy

Journal: Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, Volume 139, Issue 1 (January 2013) ,60–64

Key words:Roller-compacted concrete; Dam safety; Dams;Embankment;Energy dissipation; Aeration; Air entrainment; Spillways;Rehabilitation;Inception point

Abstract: Retrofitting embankment dams with stepped spillways has become a common design practice, particularly for those dams that change hazard classification from low to high. For embankment dams retrofitted with stepped spillways, the chute length is often insufficient for developing aerated flow or an inception point. The inception point is a key spillway design parameter used in energy dissipation, flow depth, and air entrainment prediction relationships. Original research for developing an inception-point relationship for stepped spillways was based on primarily gravity (θ≥26.6°) stepped spillways, with the majority having an ogee crest control section. The resulting, inception-point relationship tends to overestimate the inception-point location for broad-crested weir stepped spillways (θ≤26.6°) when the Froude surface roughness (F) is less than 10. Consequently, research on broad-crested weir stepped spillways retrofitted for embankment dams has been conducted to provide an optimized inception-point relationship. This study provides additional data allowing further refinement (i.e., F≤28) of the inception-point relationship for broad-crested stepped spillways (θ≤26.6°), and it provides a new relationship for broad-crested weir stepped spillways for F>28  .

原文链接：http://ascelibrary.org/doi/abs/10.1061/%28ASCE%29HY.1943-7900.0000644