《Journal of Hydraulic Engineering》杂志刊登“溃坝流施加在坝下游上的压力荷载试验研究”

作  者：H. Y. Chen; W. L. Xu; J. Deng; Y. Xue; and J. Li

刊  物：《Journal of Hydraulic Engineering》，2013年2月6日印刷

摘  要：天然堰塞湖或者人工坝通常会导致下游灾难性的洪灾。溃坝的调查和溃坝洪水波的传播机理的研究较多。然而，两级或更多梯级大坝的失事则研究较少。本文分别进行了在不同的回水影响下沿着渠道的溃坝洪水波作用在坝下游上荷载的试验。本文进行了受不同回水影响而沿着渠道的溃坝洪水波作用在坝下游上的荷载试验，观察了下游不同库水深的三种典型洪水模式。采用高精度的压力传感器测量大坝不同高度处的压力荷载。测量了随河床坡度和上下游库水深而变化的压力荷载最大值。并通过线性回归得到的经验公式，来预测的最大的压力负荷。最后，引入了一个正弦衰减函数来描述作用在坝下游上的压力负荷的时间演化过程，并通过不同的情况下的测量数据确定其参数。

Experimental Investigation of Pressure Load Exerted on the Downstream Dam by Dam-Break Flow

Authors: H. Y. Chen; W. L. Xu; J. Deng; Y. Xue; and J. Li

Journal: Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, Published: 06 February 2013

Abstract: The failure of a natural or an artificial dam often leads to catastrophic flooding downstream. Studies have been conducted to investigate the mechanisms of single dam failure and the propagation of dam-break flood wave. However, little attention has been paid to the cascade failure of two or more sequential dams. In this article, consequences of a dam-break flood wave down a channel exerting pressure load on a downstream dam with different backwater effects were studied experimentally. Three typical flood patterns were observed for different downstream reservoir water depths. High precision pressure sensors were employed to measure the pressure load at different heights on the dam. Changes of the maximum pressure load were measured as the bed slope and the upstream and downstream reservoir water depths varied. An empirical formula was obtained by linear regression to predict the maximum pressure load. Additionally, a sinusoidal attenuation function was introduced to describe the time evolution of pressure load exerted on the downstream dam, and its parameters were determined using the measurement data in different cases.

原文链接：http://ascelibrary.org/doi/abs/10.1061/%28ASCE%29HY.1943-7900.0000743