《Wetland》杂志刊登“佛罗里达州东北部湾水文和盐度的改变对脊椎动物动物群和它们栖息地影响”

作者：Jerome J.Lorenz

刊物：《Wetland》,2013

关键词：佛罗里达州港湾；沼泽；Taylor Slough;水资源管理；数量衰减

摘要：河口生产力高度依赖于河口的淡水水源，在佛罗里达州海湾，Taylor Slough是历史上主要的淡水水源。输水系统的建设始于1960年，结束于1984年South Dade输水系统的建设完成，水管理实践改变了从Taylor Slough流向佛罗里达州东北湾的水量及其分布，这些实践改变了盐度和水文参数，对脊椎动物和它们的栖息地产生了明显的负面影响。本文对这些负面影响从那些发表的和未发表的文献和轶事中进行了回顾，发现几乎所有涉及到的无脊椎动物自1984年以来都表现出某种形式的数量下降，大多数研究表明食物源的减少是他们数量衰减的主要原因。本文的结论是：淡水资源外调导致生态链反应，从水文压力对初级生产者的影响开始，接着对次级生产者产生影响，累积效应最终导致食物链终端脊椎动物数量的减少。

A Review of the Effects of Altered Hydrology and Salinity on Vertebrate Fauna and Their Habitats in Northeastern Florida Bay

Author: Jerome J.Lorenz

Journal: Wetland,2013

Key words: Florida Bay; Everglades; Taylor Slough; Water management; Population decline

Abstract: Estuarine productivity is highly dependent on the freshwater sources of the estuary. In Florida Bay, Taylor Slough was historically the main source of fresh water. Beginning in about 1960, and culminating with the completion of the South Dade Conveyance System in 1984, water management practice began to change the quantity and distribution of flow from Taylor Slough into Northeastern Florida Bay. These practices altered salinity and hydrologic parameters that had measurable negative impacts on vertebrate fauna and their habitats. Here, I review those impacts from published and unpublished literature and anecdotal observations. Almost all vertebrates covered in this review have shown some form of population decline since 1984; most of the studies implicate declines in food resources as the main stressor on their populations. My conclusion is that the diversion of fresh water resulted in an ecological cascade starting with hydrologic stresses on primary then secondary producers culminating in population declines at the top of the food web.

原文链接：http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s13157-013-0377-1