《Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology》杂志刊登“测定巴基斯坦饮用水中最适宜的氟浓度”

作  者：Ayyaz Ali Khan, Helen Whelton, Denis O'Mullane

刊  物：《Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology》，2004年，32卷第3期，166-172页

关键词：龋齿；剂量响应；氟化物浓度；氟中毒；适宜

摘  要：目的：设计本研究是为了测定巴基斯坦饮用水中适宜的氟浓度。对巴基斯坦19个城市1020个12岁的在校学生进行临床牙科检验。通过分析龋齿和氟中毒水平被检测的抽样人群饮用水中氟化物的浓度去研究水中氟化物的浓度、龋齿和氟中毒的关系。方法：饮用水中适宜的氟浓度通常由以温度函数计算水摄入量的Galagan和Vermillion公式进行核算。从气象中心的28个部门总站收集记录过去5年的年平均最高气温（AMMT）。巴基斯坦的年平均最高气温为29°C，其对应计算饮用水中适宜的氟浓度为0.7ppm。由于世界各地饮水习惯不同，测定巴基斯坦饮用水中适宜氟浓度需采用调整后的Galagan和Vermillion公式。该公式需乘以一个0.56的校正因子。采用调整后的公式测算巴基斯坦饮用水中适宜的氟化物浓度为0.39ppm。结果：相关性观察表明，饮用水中氟化物浓度为0.35ppm与最大龋齿减少和10%的氟中毒患病率相关联。结论：确定饮用水中最适宜的氟化物浓度对社会是非常重要的。当务之急是每个国家都应根据饮用水中氟化物浓度与龋齿和氟中毒水平的剂量响应关系核算出自己的饮用水适宜氟化物浓度。规划这些建议时需考虑气候、居民的饮食习惯和其他氟暴露的条件。

Determining the optimal concentration of fluoride in drinking water in Pakistan

Authors: Ayyaz Ali Khan, Helen Whelton, Denis O'Mullane

Journal: Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology, Volume 32, Number 3 (2004), 166-172

Key words: caries; dose-response; fluoride concentrations; fluorosis; optimal

Abstract: Objectives: This study was designed to determine the optimal concentrations of fluoride for drinking water in Pakistan. Clinical dental examination of 1020 school children aged 12 years was carried out in 19 cities of Pakistan. Correlation between concentrations of water fluoride, caries and fluorosis was investigated by analyzing the data on fluoride concentrations in drinking water in the sampled population for which the caries and the fluorosis levels were also measured. Methods: The optimal level of fluoride in drinking water is universally calculated by applying the equation of Galagan and Vermillion, which permits the calculation of water intake as a function of temperature. The annual mean maximum temperatures (AMMT) recorded during the last 5 years were collected from the meteorological centres of the 28 divisional headquarter stations. The average AMMT of Pakistan is 29°C at which the optimal fluoride in drinking water of Pakistan was calculated to be 0.7 ppm. As drinking habits differ in various parts of the world, determination of optimal concentration of fluoride for drinking water in Pakistan was performed using a modified Galagan and Vermillion equation, which applies a correction factor of 0.56 to the equation. The optimal fluoride in drinking water in Pakistan using this modified equation was determined to be 0.39 ppm. Results: Observation of the correlation showed that a fluoride concentration of 0.35 ppm in drinking water was associated with maximum reduction in dental caries and a 10% prevalence of fluorosis. Conclusions: Determining the most appropriate concentrations of fluoride in drinking water is crucial for communities. It is imperative that each country calculates its own optimal level of fluoride in drinking water based on the dose-response relationship of fluoride in drinking water with the levels of caries and fluorosis. Climatic conditions, dietary habits of the population and other possible fluoride exposures need to be considered in formulating these recommendations.

原文链接：http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1600-0528.2004.00152.x/abstract?deniedAccessCustomisedMessage=&userIsAuthenticated=false