《Environmental and Resource Economics》刊登“碳税对澳大利亚环境和经济的影响”

作者：Sam Meng, Mahinda Siriwardana, Judith McNeill

刊物：《Environmental and Resource Economics》，2013年，54卷第3期，313-332

关键词：碳税；CGE模型；环境影响；宏观经济

摘要：为实现在哥本哈根协议中承诺的碳减排目标，澳大利亚政府已经决定从2012年7月1日起引入碳税政策。本文分别模拟了在有补偿和没有补偿情况下，每吨二氧化碳征收23澳元碳税（由澳大利亚政府提出）对环境和经济的影响。本文利用了包含环境扩展社会核算矩阵的可计算一般均衡模型。模拟结果显示，碳税能够有效减少碳排放，但会引起相对温和的经济萎缩。由于价格信号并未改变，补偿计划对碳减排的影响很有限，同时也大大削弱了碳税对经济的负面影响。

The Environmental and Economic Impact of the Carbon Tax in Australia

Authors: Sam Meng, Mahinda Siriwardana, Judith McNeill

Journal: Environmental and Resource Economics, Volume54, 2013, Issue 3, pages 313-332

Key words: Carbon tax; CGE modeling; Environmental effects; Macro-economy

Abstract: To fulfill its emission reduction target pledged in the Copenhagen accord, the Australian Government has determined to introduce a carbon tax from July 1st 2012. This paper simulates the effects on the environment and on the economy of a carbon tax of A$23 per tonne of carbon dioxide proposed by the government with, and without, a compensation policy. We employ a computable general equilibrium model with an environmentally extended Social accounting matrix. According to the simulation results, the carbon tax can cut emissions effectively, but will cause a mild economic contraction. Because the price signal is intact, the proposed compensation plan has little impact on emission cuts while significantly mitigating the negative effect of a carbon tax on the economy.

原文链接：http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10640-012-9600-4