《Journal of Environmental Management》杂志刊登“重金属污染的地下水修复技术”

作者：M.A. Hashim, Soumyadeep Mukhopadhyay, Jaya Narayan Sahu, Bhaskar Sengupta

刊物：《Journal of Environmental Management》，2011年10月，卷92，第10期，2355－2388页

关键词：地下水；重金属；修复技术；土壤；水处理

摘要：天然土壤或人类活动造成的地下水重金属污染问题，已经成为危害公众健康最为严重的问题。地球上有数十亿的人口饮用地下水，因此修复受污染的地下水已经成为最重要的工作。本文综述了35种地下水修复方法，并将其归为三个大类：化学处理过程，生物化学/生物/生物吸附处理过程和物理化学处理过程。在每种处理过程的结尾都附有一张比较表格，便于更好地理解各种处理类别。由于土壤化学性质和含水层特性极其复杂，以及没有相关的经验规律可循，对于特定地点采取哪种修复技术变得极具挑战性。在过去的十年中，铁基技术、微生物修复、生物硫酸盐还原和各种吸附剂在地下水修复方面起到了很重要的作用。基于可持续发展和环境伦理理论，建议在合适的条件下采用化学、生物修复和生物吸附技术。在许多情况下，两种或多种技术的协同使用可以起到更好的效果。根据经济可行性，我们建议螯合提取和化学土壤洗涤贵重金属的过程仅仅在高浓度重金属污染的工业场地中使用。

Remediation technologies for heavy metal contaminated groundwater

Authors: M.A. Hashim, Soumyadeep Mukhopadhyay, Jaya Narayan Sahu, Bhaskar Sengupta

Journal: Journal of Environmental Management, Volume 92, Issue 10, October 2011, Pages 2355-2388

Key word: Groundwater; Heavy metals; Remediation technology; Soil; Water treatment

Abstract: The contamination of groundwater by heavy metal, originating either from natural soil sources or from anthropogenic sources is a matter of utmost concern to the public health. Remediation of contaminated groundwater is of highest priority since billions of people all over the world use it for drinking purpose. In this paper, thirty five approaches for groundwater treatment have been reviewed and classified under three large categories viz chemical, biochemical/biological/biosorption and physico-chemical treatment processes. Comparison tables have been provided at the end of each process for a better understanding of each category. Selection of a suitable technology for contamination remediation at a particular site is one of the most challenging job due to extremely complex soil chemistry and aquifer characteristics and no thumb-rule can be suggested regarding this issue. In the past decade, iron based technologies, microbial remediation, biological sulphate reduction and various adsorbents played versatile and efficient remediation roles. Keeping the sustainability issues and environmental ethics in mind, the technologies encompassing natural chemistry, bioremediation and biosorption are recommended to be adopted in appropriate cases. In many places, two or more techniques can work synergistically for better results. Processes such as chelate extraction and chemical soil washings are advisable only for recovery of valuable metals in highly contaminated industrial sites depending on economical feasibility.

原文链接：http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0301479711002064