《Water resources management》上刊登的“使用多目标优化技术对灌溉用水水库进行调度规则优化”

作者：Simona Consoli, Benedetto Matarazzo, Nello Pappalardo

刊物：《Water resources management》,2008年,22卷,第5期, 551-564页

关键词：互动研究方法；多目标优化；净收益；非线性规划；水库调度规则；水短缺

摘要：本文中针对以灌溉为主要目的的水库的调度提出了一种多目标优化技术。研究中主要针对两个目标函数(OF)：在满足灌溉蓄水要求的同时最小化水库的弃水量(OF1)以及最大化用水户的净收益(OF2)。第一步，使用一种确定性的非线性规划算法(NLP)对单个目标进行逐月优化，并确定目标的上下限以进行多目标分析。第二步，通过添加约束的方法来进行多目标优化，即在对目标函数OF1进行优化时，对另一个目标函数(OF2)进行约束以满足水库的泄水方案。放水策略的非支配解集是通过改变单个最优解集对应的约束边界得到的。第三步，使用互动分析的逐步法来找出能够权衡两个目标的最优解，该方法是通过最小化每一个非支配解与OF1和OF2的理想解之间的距离来实现的，需要指出，这种理想解只是目标OF1和目标OF2的假想解，不可能实现的。此外，互动研究方法能够依据经过权衡之后的灌溉放水策略来改善水库所发挥的作用，这主要是通过改变目标函数值以满足计划制定者和决策者定好的标准。本文中提出的水资源配置模型被应用于Pozzillo水库的调度，该水库为卡塔尼亚平原灌区(东西西里岛)供水。

Operating Rules of an Irrigation Purposes Reservoir Using Multi-Objective Optimization

Authors： Simona Consoli, Benedetto Matarazzo, Nello Pappalardo

Journal：Water resources management, 2008, 22(5): 551-564.

Key Words：Interactive approach；Multi-objective optimization；Net benefit；Non-linear programming；Reservoir operating rules；Water deficits

Abstract： A multi-objective optimization technique for the operation of an irrigation reservoir is presented in this paper. The study deals with two different objective functions (OF): the minimization of reservoir release deficit from the irrigation demand (OF1) and the maximization of net benefit by the demand sector (OF2). In the first step, monthly optimization of each individual objective was performed with a deterministic non-linear programming (NLP) algorithm, that gave the lower and upper bounds for the multi-objective analysis. In the second step, multi-objective optimization was performed through the Constraint method that operates by optimising the objective function OF1, while the other (OF2) was constrained to satisfy release strategies generated by the optimization. Non-dominated set of release strategies is generated by parametrically varying the bounds of the constraints obtained from the individual optimal solutions. In the third step, the interactive analytical Step method was applied to find the best compromise solution, between the two OFs, by minimizing the distance of each non-dominated solution to an ideal solution that represents the utopian optimum for both OF1 and OF2. Furthermore, the interactive approach allows to improve the performance of the reservoir in terms of compromise irrigation releases, by changing the OF values until the satisfaction of predetermined criteria fixed by the planners and decision makers. The proposed water allocation model was applied to the Pozzillo reservoir operation, that supplies the Catania Plain irrigation area (Eastern Sicily).

原文链接：http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11269-007-9177-9