《Hydrological Processes》杂志刊登“ 流域对比的指标—储水量”

作者：James P. McNamara, Doerthe Tetzlaff, Kevin Bishop, Chris Soulsby, Mark Seyfried, Norman E. Peters, Brent T. Aulenbach, Richard Hooper

刊物：Hydrological Processes ，2011年10月15日，25卷21期，3364–3371页

关键词：储水量；水平衡 ；流域对比；土壤水；地下水

摘要：某一流域内所具有的水量，是由地下水，土壤水分，积雪，植被中所含有的水和地表水组成的，该流域的水文系统的状态最终由这些变量表示。因此，储水量可以作为流域对比的有效指标。然而，人们很少对流域现有的储水量进行计量和预测，甚至很少追踪这些储量的动态变化。储水量能够缓和水流通量的变化，并对流域内大范围的水文和生态功能起到了关键的控制作用。虽然对流域产流过程和其他排洪过程的理解一直是水文学的核心，但对流域蓄水过程的理解也同样重要。我们已从储水量的角度出发，做流域对比试验，以开始评估观测流域储水量的数值。本次试验的数据来源于五大流域，并没有常规的试验设计，也没有实验模型。相反，对每个地区的储水量做独立估计，本文提出了本次试验的一些初步结果，关于储水量的定义和重要性的问题和看法，并为正在进行的活动提出了未来的发展方向。

Storage as a Metric of Catchment Comparison

Authors: James P. McNamara, Doerthe Tetzlaff, Kevin Bishop, Chris Soulsby, Mark Seyfried, Norman E. Peters, Brent T. Aulenbach, Richard Hooper

Journal: Hydrological Processes, Volume 25, Issue 21, pages 3364–3371, 15 October 2011

Keywords: storage; water balance; catchment comparison; soil water; groundwater

Abstract：The volume of water stored within a catchment, and its partitioning among groundwater, soil moisture, snowpack, vegetation, and surface water are the variables that ultimately characterize the state of the hydrologic system. Accordingly, storage may provide useful metrics for catchment comparison. Unfortunately, measuring and predicting the amount of water present in a catchment is seldom done; tracking the dynamics of these stores is even rarer. Storage moderates fluxes and exerts critical controls on a wide range of hydrologic and biologic functions of a catchment. While understanding runoff generation and other processes by which catchments release water will always be central to hydrologic science, it is equally essential to understand how catchments retain water. We have initiated a catchment comparison exercise to begin assessing the value of viewing catchments from the storage perspective. The exercise is based on existing data from five watersheds, no common experimental design, and no integrated modelling efforts. Rather, storage was estimated independently for each site. This briefing presents some initial results of the exercise, poses questions about the definitions and importance of storage and the storage perspective, and suggests future directions for ongoing activities.

原文链接： http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/hyp.8113/abstract