《Water Resources Research》刊登“有植被明渠的平均流速和紊动研究”

作者：Andrea Defina ,Anna Chiara Bixio

刊物：《Water Resources Research》，2005年，41卷第6期，561-572页

摘要：植被影响表层水体的平均流速和紊动结构，从而影响营养物质和泥沙的输移过程。本文研究了两个数学模型是否能应用于有植被的完全发展的一维明渠水流，所研究植被包括淹没、非淹没情况下具有复杂枝叶的刚性植被。使用两个不同的紊动闭合方程描述水流，这两个方程都是基于Boussinesq(布西涅斯克)涡流粘度模型:修正的 \* MERGEFORMAT 模型及基于混合长度的两层模型。为描述植被层内河植被层之上的紊动结构，将紊动能预算方程加进了两层模型中。将模型结果和试验结果进行比较，发现在流速和雷诺切应力方面，两个结果一致性很好。因此，认为此模型可用于计算植被阻力。然而，当比较测量和模拟的涡流粘度分布、纵向紊动强度及紊动能预算结果时，二者存在很大差异。

Mean flow and turbulence in vegetated open channel flow

Authors: Andrea Defina , Anna Chiara Bixio

Journal: Water Resources Research， 2005, Volume 41, pp 561-572

Abstract: Vegetation affects the mean and turbulent flow structure in surface water bodies, thus impacting the local transport processes of contaminants and sediments. The present paper explores the capability of two different mathematical models to predict fully developed  one-dimensional open channel flow in the presence of rigid, complex-shaped vegetation with leaves, submerged or emergent. The flow is described by applying two different turbulence closure schemes, both of which are based on the Boussinesq eddy viscosity model: a suitably modified k  e model and a two-layer model based on the mixing length approach. To describe the turbulence structure within and above the canopy a turbulent kinetic energy budget equation was added to the two-layer model. The results of the models were compared with experimental data where simple cylinders, plastic plant prototypes, or real plants, all arranged in a scattered pattern, were employed. Since good agreement between the results of the models and measurements was found in comparing velocity and turbulent shear stress, the models could potentially be used to assess vegetative resistance. Significant disagreement was found when comparing measured and computed eddy viscosity distributions, streamwise turbulence intensity, and most of the terms comprising the turbulent kinetic energy budget.

翻译：杨泽凡；审核：刘淼

原文链接：http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/wrcr.v41.6/issuetoc